Yes, you can. Fuse is already supported on the Pogoplug.
I am mounting the Pogoplug hard drives on my host via sshfs.
You need Openpogo and a sftp-server program for that.
I also run a samba server on the plug and the plug has an NFS client.
What more do you want?

Okay, I see what you mean. For that you would need sshfs for instance,
or the simpler shfsmount program. As far as I can tell there is no sshfs
ipkg package available. You could consider compiling your own. If it only
concerns disks sitting in your local network, ou might consider mounting them
as anetwork file system, assuming the hosts run either an NFS or SMB server.